2018年04月14日

　　雅思大作文題目

　　“Governments should make people responsible for looking after their own local environment. To what extent do you agree or disagree?”

　　解析&審題

　　本周考題是政府類和環(huán)境類話題的一個(gè)綜合，也是近幾年比較新的題目。

　　盡管如此，唐老師認(rèn)為，這個(gè)題目還是相當(dāng)容易寫的，因?yàn)檫@個(gè)話題本身對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)是相當(dāng)熟悉的。我們可以首先討論人們負(fù)責(zé)保護(hù)本地環(huán)境的重要性，同時(shí)指出，如果沒(méi)有政府出面制訂環(huán)境保護(hù)政策，人們對(duì)本地環(huán)境的保護(hù)也許就沒(méi)有那么得力(比如為了地方利益或者缺乏環(huán)保意識(shí))，因此，政府在保護(hù)地方環(huán)境方面也是很重要的。

　　這樣，本題的關(guān)鍵其實(shí)就是在于認(rèn)識(shí)到，雖然人們應(yīng)該對(duì)本地的環(huán)境負(fù)責(zé)，但政府也需要擔(dān)負(fù)相應(yīng)的責(zé)任。各位烤鴨，你是怎么審題的呢?

　　老師筆記

　　01、Protecting the environment is everyone’s responsibility, and this starts with the government making people understand the importance of the environment. To a large degree, such responsibility should be shared by both the government and the local people.

　　保護(hù)環(huán)境是每個(gè)人的責(zé)任，首先是政府要讓人們認(rèn)識(shí)到環(huán)境的重要性。在很大程度上，這種責(zé)任應(yīng)由政府和當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣窆餐謸?dān)。

　　解析

　　(1)本段提出話題，并給出自己的觀點(diǎn)。

　　(2)start with... 從......開(kāi)始

　　(3)to a large degree 在很大程度上

　　02、It is quite obvious that all people should do their part in taking care of the local environment, but there are always some people more committed to their environmental obligations than others. One important reason is that those who do less harbor a misconception that individuals can do little or nothing to make a noticeable difference. In fact, all individuals have created the environmental problems by neglecting the environment, and that must mean that together they canfix most problems, whether they are making large or small contributions. Another reason is that, in the name of economic development, people pollute the local rivers and lakes by putting into them dirty water or industrial wastes.

　　很明顯，所有的人都應(yīng)盡自己的責(zé)任照顧當(dāng)?shù)氐沫h(huán)境，但總有一些人比其他人更誠(chéng)心來(lái)履行其環(huán)境義務(wù)。一個(gè)重要的原因是，那些做得較少的人有一種誤解，認(rèn)為個(gè)人做不了什么，改變不了什么。事實(shí)上，所有的個(gè)體都通過(guò)忽略環(huán)境而制造了環(huán)境問(wèn)題，這就意味著如果一起努力，他們能夠解決大多數(shù)問(wèn)題，無(wú)論是做大還是小貢獻(xiàn)。另一個(gè)原因是，以經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的名義，人們將臟水或工業(yè)廢物放進(jìn)當(dāng)?shù)睾恿骱秃?，從而污染它們?/span>

　　解析

　　(1)本段提出人們有責(zé)任保護(hù)地方環(huán)境，但同時(shí)論證這個(gè)過(guò)程中的問(wèn)題：一是有些人關(guān)于環(huán)境保護(hù)的觀點(diǎn)不正確，二是有些人為了地方經(jīng)濟(jì)利益而不顧當(dāng)?shù)丨h(huán)境。論證這兩個(gè)問(wèn)題是為了引出第三段中關(guān)于政府的責(zé)任。

　　(2)do their part 完成他們的職責(zé)

　　(3)be committed to... 投入做......，專心做......

　　(4)obligation 義務(wù)

　　(5)harbor a misconception that... 心懷一種錯(cuò)誤的觀點(diǎn)，即......

　　(6)fix problems 解決問(wèn)題

　　(7)in the name of... 以......的名義

　　03、Then, apart from enforcing regulations and using penalties or fines as a means tohold individuals accountable for their damage to the environment, the government should do more to alert people to the way the environment is going, then people would be more likely to do their bit. If people are not reminded of the risks that affect their own local environment, they will often forget. Unless there is a particular crisis going on, it is always the case that the public will become immune to shocking statistics or terrible photos, for they have seen too many of them and tend to neglect them. It is, therefore, the job of the government to keepinforming the public (through television or other media) of the current environmental issues.

　　因此，除了執(zhí)行法規(guī)，并以處罰或罰款作為手段來(lái)追究個(gè)人對(duì)環(huán)境造成的損害，政府還應(yīng)采取更多措施，提醒人們注意環(huán)境的現(xiàn)狀，這樣，人們將更有可能盡好他們自己的職責(zé)。如果不提醒人們注意影響當(dāng)?shù)丨h(huán)境的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，他們往往會(huì)忘記。除非有某個(gè)危機(jī)發(fā)生，公眾往往對(duì)那些令人震驚的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)或可怕的照片無(wú)動(dòng)于衷，因?yàn)樗麄円呀?jīng)看過(guò)太多這樣的東西，往往會(huì)忽視它們。所以，政府的工作就是不斷(通過(guò)電視或其他媒體)向公眾宣傳當(dāng)前的環(huán)境問(wèn)題。

　　解析

　　(1)本段論述政府在地方環(huán)保中的責(zé)任，包括制定和執(zhí)行法規(guī)，更重要的是政府需要不斷提醒人們注意環(huán)境問(wèn)題。

　　(2)apart from... 除了......

　　(3)hold somebody accountable for... 讓某人為......承擔(dān)責(zé)任

　　(4)alert somebody to... 提醒某人......

　　(5)do their bit 盡自己的責(zé)任

　　(6)be immune to... 對(duì)......免疫;不受......影響

　　(7)inform somebody of... 告知某人......

　　04、To a great extent, the responsibility for looking after the local environment must be shared by the government and individuals. The government should let the public know that environmental protection is everybody’s business. Otherwise, what seems to be everybody’s business would become nobody’s business.

　　在很大程度上，保護(hù)當(dāng)?shù)丨h(huán)境的責(zé)任必須由政府和個(gè)人共同承擔(dān)。政府應(yīng)該讓公眾知道環(huán)境保護(hù)是每個(gè)人的事。否則，似乎是每個(gè)人都該管的事就會(huì)變成人人都不管的事。

　　解析

　　(1)本段為結(jié)論，重申地方環(huán)保是個(gè)人和政府的雙重責(zé)任。

　　(2)to a great extent 在很大程度上

　　(3)everybody’s business is nobody’s business. 大家的事情就是沒(méi)人負(fù)責(zé)的事情。