一篇好文章的條件很多。除了內(nèi)容豐富和組織緊密之外，詞匯的運(yùn)用和句子的處理，也起著決定性作用。

句子可長(zhǎng)可短，同一件事，可以用不同的句式表達(dá)。如果句子清一色是簡(jiǎn)單句，文章必定很單調(diào)乏味。如果全篇充滿(mǎn)了冗長(zhǎng)的復(fù)雜句，讀起來(lái)也很費(fèi)力。最好的方法是以簡(jiǎn)單句為基礎(chǔ)，配合適當(dāng)?shù)牟⒘芯浜蛷?fù)雜句。簡(jiǎn)單句可長(zhǎng)可短，通常要加些附屬成分，如分詞短語(yǔ)、介詞短語(yǔ)、副詞短語(yǔ)、不定式動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，以及節(jié)縮成分。

總之，作者可根據(jù)情況，使句子多樣化，使文章靈活多姿。例如下列五個(gè)句子的基本概念一樣，但是句式不同，內(nèi)容重點(diǎn)也有些差別：

(1)thegoatsgrazedpeacefullyinthefarmandwereunawareoftheapproachinghunter.(并列分句(1)+2)

(2)grazingpeacefully,thegoatsinthefarmwereunawareoftheapproachinghunter.(現(xiàn)在分語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)+簡(jiǎn)單句)

(3)inthefarm,thegoatsgrazedpeacefullyandwereunawareoftheapproachinghunter.(副詞短語(yǔ)+并列分句(1)-(2))

(4)thereweregoatsgrazingpeacefullyinthefarm,unawareoftheapproachinghunter.(簡(jiǎn)單句+形容語(yǔ)短語(yǔ))

(5)asthegoatsgrazedpeacefullyinthefarm,theywereunawareoftheapproachinghunter.(原因副詞從句+主句)

(1)和(5)的句式最常見(jiàn)；如果加上其他三種互相交替，句子不是更多樣化嗎？

最后，看看這兩個(gè)句子要如何多樣化呢？

(6)theyoungpilotwasonhisfirstoverseastraining.

(7)hefeltveryuneasy.

(a)theyoungpilotonhisfirstoverseastrainingfeltveryuneasy.

(b)theyoungpilotfeltveryuneasyduringhisfirstoverseastraining.

?theyoungpilot'sfirstoverseastrainingmadehimfeelveryuneasy.

(d)extremeuneasinessseizedtheyoungpilotonhisfirstoverseastraining.

(e)theyoungpilotwasonhisfirstoverseastraining,feelingveryuneasy.

(f)itbeinghisfirstoverseastraining,theyoungpilotfeltveryuneasy.

(g)beingonhisfirstoverseastraining,theyoungpilotfeltveryuneasy.

(h)theyoungpilotwasonhisfirstoverseastrainingandfeltveryuneasy.

(i)theyoungpilot,whowasonhisfirstoverseastraining,feltveryuneasy.

(j)whentheyoungpilotwasonhis/firstoverseastrainging,hefeltveryuneasy.

(k)astheyoungpilotwasonhisfirstoverseastraining,hefeltveryuneasy.

(l)theyoungpilotwasonhisfirstoverseastraining,sothathefeltveryuneasy.

在上述12個(gè)句子中，(a)-(g)是簡(jiǎn)單句；(h)是并列句；(i)-(l)是復(fù)雜句。簡(jiǎn)單句除(b)和(g)之外，其他五樣，用的人并不多。人們最喜歡采用復(fù)雜句，尤其是(j)和(k)這兩款；接著便是并列句(h)。如果大多數(shù)人的句子只限于(b),(g),(h),(j)和(k)這五種，而其他的則棄如敝屣，不是很可惜嗎？

增強(qiáng)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)句表現(xiàn)力的有效方法

一、避免使用語(yǔ)意弱的“be”動(dòng)詞。

1、把句中的表語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換為不同的修飾語(yǔ)。例如：

weak:thetreesarebare.thegrassisbrown.thelandscapeseemsdrab.

revision:thebrowngrassandbaretreesformadrablandscape.(轉(zhuǎn)換為前置定語(yǔ))

or:thelandscape,bareandbrown,beggedforspringgreen.(轉(zhuǎn)換為并列結(jié)構(gòu)作后置定語(yǔ))

2、將作表語(yǔ)用的形容詞或名詞變?yōu)樾袨閯?dòng)詞。例如：

1)weak:theteammembersaregoodplayers.

revision:theteammembersplaywell.

2)weak:oneworker'splanistheeliminationoftardiness.

revision:oneworker'splaneliminatestardiness.

3、在以“here”或“there”開(kāi)頭的句子中，把“be”動(dòng)詞后的名詞代詞變成改寫(xiě)句的主語(yǔ)。例如：

1)weak:thereisnoopportunityforpromotion.

revision:noopportunityforpromotionexists.

2)weak:herearethebooksyouordered.

revision:thebooksyouorderedhavearrived.

二、多用語(yǔ)意具體的動(dòng)詞，保持句意簡(jiǎn)潔明了。例如：

1、poor:mysupervisorwentpastmydesk.

better:mysupervisorsauntered(=walkedslowly)pastmydesk.

2、poor:sheisacarefulshopper.

better:sheparespricesandquality.

三、盡量運(yùn)用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。例如：

1、weak:theorganizationhasbeensupportedbycharity.

better:charityhassupportedtheorganization.

2、weak:thebiscuitswerestackedonaplate.

better:motherstackedthebiscuitsonaplate.

四、防止使用語(yǔ)意冗長(zhǎng)累贅的詞語(yǔ)。例如：

1、wordy:mylittlesisterhasapreferenceforchocolatemilk.

improved:mylittlesisterpreferschocolatemilk.

2、wordy:weareinreceiptofyourletterandintendtofollowyourrmendations.

improved:wehavereceivedyourletterandintendedtofollowyourrmendation.

3、redundant:wehadaseriouscrisisatschoolyesterdaywhenourchemistrylaboratorycaughtfire.

improved:wehadacrisisatschoolyesterdaywhenourchemistrylaboratorycaughtfire.

4、redundant:mysisterandiboughtthesame,identicaldressindifferentstores.

improved:mysisterandiboughtthesamedressindifferentstores.

五、杜絕濫用陳舊詞語(yǔ)或難懂的專(zhuān)業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)。例如：

1、weak:theywillnotagreetohisproposalsinanyshapeorform.

improved:theywillnotagreetoanyofhisproposals.

2、weak:ineedherfinancialinputbeforeicanguesstimateourexpendituresnextfall.

improved:ineedherfinancialfiguresbeforeicanestimateourexpendituresnextfall.